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二雙四重

Pronunciations

Basic Meaning: two pairs and four types

Senses:

  • A panjiao 判教 scheme used in Japanese Pure Land 淨道 Buddhism. They are:
    1. The 'vertical escape' 豎出 as taught by the Faxiang 法相宗 and Sanlun 三論宗 Schools. This path requires long kalpas of practice and one relies entirely on self-power 自力.
    2. the 'vertical transcendence' 豎超 of the Huayan 華嚴宗, Esoteric 密教, and Chan 禪宗 Schools. This path relies on self-power, but realization is sudden.
    3. The 'lateral escape' 橫出, which is part of Pure Land but relies on the visualizations of the Contemplation Sutra and the 19th vow of the Longer Sukhāvatī-vyūha-sūtra. It relies on self-power but brings one to the Pure Land.
    4. The 'lateral transcendence' 橫超 of reliance on the 18th vow of the Longer Sukhāvatī-vyūha-sūtra 無量壽經. Only this path relies entirely on other-power 他力.
    The first and second form one pair as they take in all schools and practices outside of Pure Land and rely completely on the practitionerʼs self-power. The third and fourth form the second pair as they represent two approaches to attaining rebirth in the Pure Land. [Charles Jones; source(s): Ui, JEBD, Nakamura, FGD]
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    [Dictionary References]

    Bukkyō jiten (Ui) 818

    Iwanami Bukkyō jiten 631

    Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha) 247

    Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura) 1048c

    Fo Guang Dictionary 251

    Ding Fubao {Digital Version}

    Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki) (v.1-6)4047b,604a,2049b

    Bukkyō daijiten (Oda) 1315-2

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    Entry created: 2022-07-16