DDB: 五停心觀 | five approaches to meditation

Digital Dictionary of Buddhism

五停心觀

Pronunciations

Basic Meaning: five approaches to meditation

Senses:

Or five objects of meditation; the five kinds of meditation for settling the mind and ridding it of the five errors of desire, hate, nescience, the self, and a wayward or confused mind; the five meditations are:

For those who have a propensity toward craving (貪欲 rāga-carita), [it is beneficial to] focus the mind on the contemplation of impurity (不淨 aśubha-ālambana) 不淨觀;
For those who have a propensity toward anger (瞋恚 dveṣa-carita), [it is beneficial to] focus the mind on the contemplation of loving kindness (慈悲 maitrī) 慈悲觀;
For those who have a propensity toward folly （愚癡 moha-carita), [it is beneficial to] focus the mind on the contemplation of causes and conditions (緣性緣起 pratyayatā-pratītyasamutpāda) 因緣觀;
For those who have a propensity toward pride (慢行 māna-carita), [it is beneficial to] focus the mind on the contemplation that discriminates the [eighteen] elements (界分別 dhātu-prabheda) 界分別觀;
For those who have a propensity toward discursive thinking (尋思行 vitarka-carita), [it is beneficial to] focus the mind on mindful breathing (數息觀 ānâpānasmṛti).

The above are linked to the five kinds of temperament, or behavior (五行 carita) taught in the Yogâcārabhūmi-śāstra 瑜伽師地論 (T 1579). Some substitute meditation on the Buddha in place of the fourth; another listing puts breathing first, and there are other differences (Skt. pañca-smṛti). The Iwanami dictionary lists 五種觀門 as being the same, but scriptural sources give a different list of meditations. Soothill indicates that 五門禪 is identical, but in fact it lists 念佛 instead of 界分別觀. A good reference for these five approaches is Odani Nobuchiyo 小谷信千代. 2000. Hō to gyō no shisō toshite no bukkyō 法と行の思想としての仏教. Kyoto: Bun'eidō 文栄堂, p. 137. [Charles Muller, Nobuyoshi Yamabe, Michel Mohr, Griffith Foulk; source(s): Ui, Nakamura, Soothill, Hirakawa, Iwanami]

les cinq approches méditatives [Michel Mohr]

1) l'attention de la pensée sur l'impureté; (2) l'attention de la pensée sur la compassion; (3) l'attention de la pensée sur les relations de causalité; (4) l'attention de la pensée sur la commémoration de buddha, 5) l'attention de la pensée sur le compte des respirations. [Paul Swanson, Michel Mohr]

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[Dictionary References]

Bukkyō jiten (Ui) 279

Bulgyo sajeon 619a

Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.) 346d

Iwanami bukkyō jiten 274

Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura) 369b

Fo Guang Dictionary 1144

Ding Fubao

Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki) (v.1-6)1258c,757b, (v.9-10)131a

Bukkyō daijiten (Oda) 552-2

The rights to textual segments (nodes) of the DDB are owned by the author indicated in the brackets next to each segment. For rights regarding the compilation as a whole, please contact Charles Muller. Please do not reproduce without permission. And please do not copy into Wikipedia without proper citation!

Entry created: 2001-12-17

Updated: 2023-02-06