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井上圓了

Pronunciations

Basic Meaning: Inoue Enryō

Senses:

  • (1858–1919) Japanese Buddhist, philosopher, educator, and nationalist; a leading Buddhist modernizer during the Meiji era. He was ordained as a priest in the Ōtani branch 大谷派 of Jōdo Shinshū 淨土眞宗 at the age of 13 and graduated with a degree in philosophy from Tokyo University in 1885. In 1887, he founded the Philosophy Academy 哲學館, forerunner of the present-day Tōyō University 東洋大學. Besides his work in popularizing philosophy, Enryō dedicated himself as a lay scholar to the critique of Christianity and the reform of Buddhism. His most famous work, Living Discourse on Buddhism 佛教活論 (4 vols.) aimed to give Buddhism a new doctrinal foundation for success in the modern world. Based on his life-long slogan "Protection of Country and Love of Truth" 護國愛理, Enryō attempted to demonstrate Buddhismʼs consistency with philosophical and scientific truth and its benefit to the modern Japanese empire.

    Enryōʼs Philosophy Academy was a center for the pioneers of modern Japanese Buddhist studies. Enryō himself lectured on fields such as Buddhist Philosophy, Buddhist Psychology, or Buddhist Science. He also inaugurated a new discipline he called Mystery Studies 妖怪學, which recorded, categorized, and rationally explained all kinds of folk beliefs and superstitions. This ambitious project made him known as Ghost Doc or Doctor Specter お化け博士. Enryō was a prolific author, who published numerous works on Buddhism, philosophy, education, religion, and psychology. After his resignation from the Philosophy Academy in 1906 Enryō spent his later life spreading the Imperial Rescript on Education 教育敕語 and building the Temple Garden of Philosophy 哲學堂公園.

    Buddhist Writings

    Bukkyō katsuron joron. (Prolegomena to a Living Discourse on Buddhism) 佛教活論序論 (1887)

    Bukkyō katsuron honron: Haja katsuron. (Living Discourse on Buddhism: Refuting the False) 佛教活論本論:破邪活論 (1887)

    Bukkyō katsuron honron: Kenshō katsuron. (Living Discourse on Buddhism: Disclosing the Right) 佛教活論本論:顯正活論 (1890)

    Shinshū tetsugaku joron. (Prolegomena to a Philosophy of the True School) 眞宗哲學序論 (1892)

    Bukkyō tetsugaku. (Buddhist Philosophy) 佛教哲學 (1893)

    Zenshū tetsugaku joron. (Prolegomena to a Philosophy of the Zen School) 禪宗哲學序論 (1893)

    Nisshū tetsugaku joron. (Prolegomena to a Philosophy of the Nichiren School) 日宗哲學序論 (1895)

    Bukkyō rika. (Lectures on Buddhist Science) 佛教理科講義 (1897)

    Bukkyō shinrigaku kōgi. (Lectures on Buddhist Psychology) 佛教心理學(講義)(1897/98)

    Daijō tetsugaku. (Mahāyāna Philosophy) 大乘哲學 (1898)

    Sōhei kairyō ron: Zatsui junbi. (Discussing the Reform of Monastic Deficiencies: Preparing for Mixed Residence) 僧弊改良論:雜居準備 (1898)

    Bukkyō taii. (An Epitome of Buddhism) 佛教大意 (1899)

    Bukkyō tsūkan. (A Survey of Buddhism) 佛教通觀 (1904)

    Nihon bukkyō (. Japanese Buddhism) 日本佛教 (1912)

    Katsu bukkyō. (Living Buddhism) 活佛教 (1912)

    [Rainer Schulzer, Jason Josephson]
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    [Dictionary References]

    Fo Guang Dictionary 1041

    Nihon bukkyō jinmei jiten (Saitō and Naruse) 24

    Index to the Bussho kaisetsu daijiten (Ono) 31



    Entry created: 2005-03-01

    Updated: 2015-06-06