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十王

Pronunciations

Basic Meaning: Ten Kings

Senses:

  • Ten rulers of the postmortem course 冥界 (冥途) as listed in the Sutra of the Ten Kings 十王經. They serve as judges who preside over the judgment of the dead souls and decide, according to their karma, how they will appear in their next incarnation.
    1. During the first seven days 秦廣王 (不動明王)
    2. the second seven days 初江王 (釋迦佛)
    3. the third set of seven days 宋帝王 (文殊菩薩)
    4. the fourth set of seven days 伍官王 (普賢菩薩)
    5. the fifth set of seven days 閻魔王 (地藏菩薩)
    6. the sixth set of seven days 變成王 (彌勒菩薩)
    7. the seventh set of seven days 泰山府君 (太山府君/太山王) (藥師如來)
    8. one hundred days 平等王 (觀音菩薩)
    9. one year 都市王 (勢至菩薩)
    10. three years 五道轉輪王 (阿彌陀如來)
    Also written 十殿閻王. 〔大乘起信論義記 T 1846.44.280c28〕

    References:

    Teiser, Stephen F. 1994. The Scripture on the Ten Kings and the Making of Purgatory in Medieval Chinese Buddhism. Honolulu, HI:  University of Hawai`i Press.

    [Charles Muller, Nobuyoshi Yamabe; source(s): Ui, Nakamura, Soothill, Yokoi, Iwanami]
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    [Dictionary References]

    Bukkyō jiten (Ui) 499

    Bulgyo sajeon 543a

    Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.) 480c

    Iwanami bukkyō jiten 390

    Zenrin shōkisen (Mujaku Dōchū) 170-3/139

    Japanese-English Zen Buddhist Dictionary (Yokoi) 311

    Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura) 652a

    Fo Guang Dictionary 406

    Ding Fubao

    Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki) (v.1-6)2216a,320b

    Bukkyō daijiten (Oda) 960-2

    Copyright provisions

    The rights to textual segments (nodes) of the DDB are owned by the author indicated in the brackets next to each segment. For rights regarding the compilation as a whole, please contact Charles Muller. Please do not reproduce without permission. And please do not copy into Wikipedia without proper citation!

    Entry created: 1993-09-01

    Updated: 2018-11-09