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印元

Pronunciations

Basic Meaning: Ingen

Senses:

  • (1295–1374) Ingen is also written as 印原. Japanese monk of the Rinzai school 臨濟宗, known posthumously as Kosen 古先. He was a Rinzai 臨濟宗 priest in the gozan 五山 monastery system in medieval Japan, and founder of the Kosen Branch 古先派, one of the twenty-four transmissions of Zen 禪宗二十四流 that reached Japan. Ingen was born in Satsuma 薩摩 (present-day Kagoshima prefecture) in 1295. He began his studies at the age of eight at Engakuji 圓覺寺 with Tōkei Tokugo 桃溪德悟 (1240–1307), a Rinzai monk who had studied under Rankei Dōryū 蘭溪道隆 (1213–1278). He took the tonsure at the age of thirteen and subsequently studied with several other teachers. Ingen traveled to Yuan China in 1318, and studied for several years with Zhongfeng Mingben 中峰明本, from whom he inherited the dharma. He also studied with other masters including Wujian Xiandu 無見先覩, Gulin Qingmao 古林淸茂, Yuejiang Zhengyin 月江正印 (d.u.), and Xiaoyin Daxin 笑隱大訴 (1284–1344). Qingzhuo Zhengcheng 淸拙正澄 invited Kosen to accompany him to Japan, and they sailed to Japan together in 1326.

    In 1327 Zhengcheng, who had been appointed head priest of Kenchōji 建長寺, put Ingen in charge of the Kenchōji sutra repository 經藏. In 1337 Musō Soseki assigned Ingen to Erinji 惠林寺 in Kai 甲斐 province (present-day Yamanashi prefecture). Kosen then he moved to Jōchiji 淨智寺 in Kamakura. In 1338 he founded Tōjiji 等持寺 in Yamashiro 山城 province (present-day Kyoto), and later became chief fundraiser for Ryakuōji 曆應寺 (Tenryūji 天龍寺). He resided at Shinnyoji (1354) and Manjuji in Kyoto (1350), and Jōchiji in Sagami 相模 (present-day Kanagawa prefecture), and founded Fuōji 普應寺 in Ōu 奧羽 province (present-day Fukushima prefecture). In 1358, Ingen became the founder of Chōjuji 長壽寺 in Kamakura. The following year he was appointed head priest at Engakuji and then at Kenchōji, where he built the Kōtokuan 廣德庵 hermitage. He died in 1374 at the age of 80. He is memorialized at the Kenchōji Kōtokuan and the Chōjuji Donpōan 曇芳庵. His posthumous title is Shōshū Kōchi Zenji 正宗廣智禪師.

    [Lisa Kochinski; source(s): Ui, ZGDJT, Nihon jinmei daijiten]
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    [Dictionary References]

    Bukkyō jiten (Ui) 52

    Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.) 0055d

    Nihon bukkyō jinmei jiten (Saitō and Naruse) 27

    Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki) (v.1-6)178a

    Bukkyō daijiten (Oda) 93-3



    Entry created: 2021-07-27

    Updated: 2021-08-01