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四相

Pronunciations

Basic Meaning: four marks

Senses:

  • The four marks of existent phenomena are: arising 生, abiding 住, changing 異, and ceasing 滅 (Skt. catur-ākāra, catvāri lakṣaṇāni, catur-lakṣaṇin, caturbhir ākāraiḥ; Tib. rnam pa bzhi po). Also called 四有爲相. 〔倶舍論〕 [Charles Muller; source(s): Ui, Nakamura, Hirakawa, Yokoi, YBh-Ind, JEBD]
  • Four contemplations of the truth of suffering 苦諦: suffering 苦, emptiness 空, impermanence 無常, and no-self 非我. 〔倶舍論〕 [Charles Muller; source(s): Nakamura]
  • Birth, old age, sickness and death (生老病死). [Charles Muller]
  • The four marks of the Dharma 四法印. [Charles Muller]
  • Also 藏識四相 of the Awakening of Mahāyāna Faith referring to the initiation, continuation, change, and cessation of the ālayavijñāna. T 1666.32.576c3. [Charles Muller; source(s): Soothill]
  • Also the four conceptions of personhood taught in the Diamond Sutra and the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment 我人四相, also known as the four aspects of cognition and objects 智境四相. [Charles Muller; source(s): Soothill]
  • A reference to the four elements 四大 (T 1992.47.627a1). [Randolph Whitfield]
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    [Dictionary References]

    Bukkyō jiten (Ui) 414

    Bulgyo sajeon 369a

    Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.) 442c

    A Glossary of Zen Terms (Inagaki) 355

    Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha) 290a/321

    Japanese-English Zen Buddhist Dictionary (Yokoi) 670

    Zengo jiten (Iriya and Koga) 5-P55

    Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura) 526a

    Fo Guang Dictionary 1732

    Ding Fubao

    Buddhist Chinese-Sanskrit Dictionary (Hirakawa) 0280

    Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki) (v.1-6)1864b, (v.9-10)320c

    Bukkyō daijiten (Oda) 591-1*702-1

    Sanskrit-Tibetan Index for the Yogâcārabhūmi-śāstra (Yokoyama and Hirosawa)

    (Soothill's) Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms 179

    Copyright provisions

    The rights to textual segments (nodes) of the DDB are owned by the author indicated in the brackets next to each segment. For rights regarding the compilation as a whole, please contact Charles Muller. Please do not reproduce without permission. And please do not copy into Wikipedia without proper citation!

    Entry created: 1993-09-01

    Updated: 2021-12-13