Digital Dictionary of Buddhism

DDB Top Page 
 
 
  XML source

宗密

Pronunciations

Basic Meaning: Zongmi

Senses:

  • (780–841) Also commonly referred to by the monastic title of Guifeng 圭峰. Tang dynasty scholar-monk, installed as fifth patriarch of the Huayan school 華嚴宗 as well as a patriarch of the Heze 荷澤 Chan lineage. He wrote a number of vitally important essays on the current situation of Buddhism in Tang China, and is one of the most important figures in East Asian Buddhist history in terms of providing modern scholars with a clear analysis of the development of Chan and Huayan and the general intellectual/religious climate of his times. Unlike some of his more radical and cryptic Chan contemporaries, he was a sober-minded and meticulous scholar who wrote extensive critical analyses of the various Chan and scholastic schools of the period, as well as numerous scriptural exegeses. Zongmi was, like many later Korean monks on whom he extended his influence, deeply interested in both the practical and doctrinal aspects of Buddhism, and especially concerned about the means of the harmonization of the views of those who tended toward exclusivity in either direction. Zongmi studied deeply all the major texts of the Chinese Buddhist canon of his time, specializing in those works with Huayan, tathāgatagarbha and Chan affinities. He was deeply affected by Huayan thought and is famous for his work in the area of doctrinal taxonomy, i.e. attempting to account of the apparent disparities in the Buddhist doctrines by categorizing them according to their specific aims. Although he conducted other important studies on texts such as the Huayan jing 華嚴經, Awakening of Faith 起信論, and Diamond Sutra 金剛經, and dealt with such issues as the rapprochement of the three teachings and the relationship of various schools of Chan, Zongmiʼs work on the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment (Yuanjue jing 圓覺經) was the centerpiece of his scholarly career. His most important work on the sutra was his Yuanjue jing da shou (Great Commentary on the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment 圓覺經大疏). During the process of finishing this work, Zongmi wrote a series of abridgments, expansions and digressions on it. Other noted works include the Yuanren lun (原人論 Inquiry into the Origin of Humanity) and the Chanyuan zhuquan jidu (禪源諸詮集都 Origins of the Various Chan Teachings). [Charles Muller; source(s): Ui, JEBD, Iwanami]

  • References

    Gregory, Peter N. 1991. Tsung-mi and the Sinification of Buddhism. Princeton:  Princeton University Press.

    ----. 1995. Inquiry into the Origin of Humanity: An Annotated Translation of Tsung-miʼs Yuan jen lun with a Modern Commentary. Honolulu:  University of Hawai`i Press.

    [Charles Muller]
  • The full list of titled attributed to Zongmi in Onoʼs Bussho kaisetsu daijiten is as follows [note: many of these titles are alternates or variants of each other]:
    1. 孟蘭盆經疏
    2. 圓覺經修證儀
    3. 圓覺經小鈔
    4. 圓覺經大疏
    5. 圓覺經大疏科
    6. 圓覺經大疏釋義鈔
    7. 圓覺經大疏鈔科
    8. 圓覺經道場修證儀
    9. 圓覺經禮懺略本
    10. 圓覺經略疏
    11. 圓覺經略疏科
    12. 圓覺經略疏鈔
    13. 圓覺經略疏註
    14. 圓覺經略疏之鈔
    15. 圓覺經略鈔
    16. 圓覺廣修儀
    17. 圓覺修證儀
    18. 圓覺大疏
    19. 圓覺大鈔
    20. 圓覺略疏
    21. 圓覺略疏注經
    22. 圓覺略鈔
    23. 起信註疏
    24. 起信論註疏
    25. 行願疏義記
    26. 行願品隨疏義記
    27. 行願品別行疏
    28. 華嚴行願品疏鈔
    29. 華嚴行願品疏鈔竝科註
    30. 華嚴經行願別行疏隨疏義記
    31. 華嚴經行願品疏科
    32. 華嚴經疏義記
    33. 華嚴經疏科文
    34. 華嚴經疏科文記
    35. 華嚴經普賢行願品疏鈔
    36. 華嚴經普賢行願品別行疏鈔
    37. 華嚴經別行疏科文
    38. 華嚴經法界觀
    39. 華嚴經法界觀門
    40. 華嚴經綸貫
    41. 華嚴原人論
    42. 華嚴心要法門註
    43. 華嚴法界觀科
    44. 華嚴法界觀科文
    45. 華嚴法界觀門
    46. 華嚴綸貫
    47. 圭峰禪諸詮
    48. 原人論
    49. 後錄
    50. 金剛經纂要
    51. 金剛經疏記科會
    52. 金剛經疏論纂要
    53. 金剛纂要
    54. 金剛般若經纂要
    55. 金剛般若經疏論纂要
    56. 淸涼答順宗心要法門
    57. 禪源諸詮集
    58. 禪源諸詮集都序
    59. 禪源詮
    60. 禪那理行諸詮集
    61. 禪門師資承襲圖
    62. 大華嚴經記義
    63. 大華嚴經釋義鈔
    64. 大華嚴經隨疏記義
    65. 大華嚴經隨疏義記
    66. 大華嚴經注法界觀門
    67. 大華嚴經綸貫
    68. 大乘起信論一心修證始末圖
    69. 大方廣圓覺經疏
    70. 大方廣圓覺經大疏
    71. 大方廣圓覺經大疏鈔料
    72. 大方廣圓覺經略疏鈔
    73. 大方廣圓覺經略鈔
    74. 大方廣圓覺修多羅了義經略疏
    75. 大方廣圓覺修多羅了義經略疏註
    76. 大方廣圓覺略疏
    77. 大方廣圓覺略疏注
    78. 大方廣佛華嚴經普賢行願品疏科文
    79. 大方廣佛華嚴經普賢行願品別行疏科文
    80. 大方廣佛華嚴經普賢行願品別行疏鈔
    81. 大方廣佛華嚴經普賢行願品別行疏竝鈔
    82. 大方廣佛華嚴經法界觀
    83. 中華傳心地禪門師資承襲圖
    84. 註華嚴法界觀科文
    85. 註華嚴法界觀門
    86. 註法界觀
    87. 註法界觀門
    88. 答順宗心要法門註
    89. 答眞妄頌
    [Charles Muller]
  • Search SAT
  • Search INBUDS Database

    • Feedback

    [Dictionary References]

    Chūgoku bukkyōshi jiten (Kamata) 151

    Bukkyō jiten (Ui) 494, 611

    Bulgyo sajeon 799a

    Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.) 494c, 755b

    Iwanami bukkyō jiten 399, 481

    A Glossary of Zen Terms (Inagaki) 86, 200, 375, 377

    Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha) 302b/336

    Fo Guang Dictionary 3158

    Ding Fubao

    Index to the Bussho kaisetsu daijiten (Ono) 299/i300

    Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki) (v.1-6)2379a,870a,1127c,1906a,3868b

    Bukkyō daijiten (Oda) 820-1

    Copyright provisions

    The rights to textual segments (nodes) of the DDB are owned by the author indicated in the brackets next to each segment. For rights regarding the compilation as a whole, please contact Charles Muller. Please do not reproduce without permission. And please do not copy into Wikipedia without proper citation!

    Entry created: 1987-05-01

    Updated: 2023-11-30