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義天

Pronunciations

Basic Meaning: divine existence for knowers of the truth

Senses:

  • Divine beings aware of the (ultimate) truth; a name for one of the four types of divine states 四種天.In the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra, bodhisattvas who have fully understood the principle of emptiness and who have advanced to and beyond the ten abodes 十住. In Tiantai doctrine, the ten stages of abodes for those of the Distinct Teaching 別教 correspond to the ten bhūmi stages for those of the Shared Teaching 通教. 〔摩訶止觀 T 1911.46.42a7〕 ; 〔涅槃經 T 375.12.737c24–29〕 [Charles Muller, Paul Swanson; source(s): Kamata, Ui, Nakamura]
  • Uicheon (1055–1101); one of the major Korean scholar-monks of the mid-Goryeo 高麗 period. His major area of expertise was in Hwaeom 華嚴, but he ended up becoming most famous for being a transmitter of the Cheontae 天台 tradition in Korea. He was one of the Goryeoʼs most famous advocates of Seon/Gyo unity. Uicheon was the fourth son of the devout Buddhist king Munjong Inhyo 文宗仁孝, and entered the saṃgha at a young age. Like most other early Goryeo monks, he began his studies in Buddhism with Hwaeom. He later traveled to China, where he studied under a number of leading masters from a variety of schools, including Chan 禪宗, Huayan 華嚴, Vinaya 戒律, Pure Land 淨土 and Tiantai 天台. Returning to Korea, Uicheon actively advocated the Cheontae teaching, believing that it, as a balanced system, provided a viable solution to the heated Seon/Gyo debate which surrounded him at the time. Ultimately, however, his negative attitude towards Seon undermined his efforts to accommodate Seon adherents, and he died fairly young without accomplishing his mission. His main writings are contained in the Daegak Guksa munjip 大覺國師文集, and he is also famous for his histories and catalogues of Buddhist texts, which have been an invaluable source for later scholars. His other works, as listed in the Bussho kaisetsu dai jiten include:
    1. Wonjong mullyu 圓宗文類
    2. Haedong yubon hyeon haengnok 海東有本現行錄
    3. Uicheon illok 義天日錄
    4. Hwaeomgyeong wonjong mullyu 華嚴經圓宗文類
    5. Jejong gyojang chongnok 諸宗教藏總錄
    6. Sinpyeon Goryeo jang mongnok 新編高麗藏目錄
    7. Sinpyeon jejong gyojang chongnok 新編諸宗教藏總錄
    [Charles Muller]
  • (1055–1101)諡は大覚禪師。高麗の人。王の四子。出家し、祐世僧統に任ぜられ、高麗宣帝二年(1085)海路で中国に渡り、晉水の淨源から華嚴を、天竺寺の慈弁から天台を、元照から律を、金山了元から禪を受け、三年にして帰国し、華嚴、天台の宗を揚げた。同七年『教藏總錄』(義天録)二巻を編纂し、興王寺に教蔵都監を置いて、高麗続蔵四〇〇〇余巻を刊行した。世寿四七(一説に九三)。 [Charles Muller; source(s): Kamata]
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    [Dictionary References]

    Chūgoku bukkyōshi jiten (Kamata) 064

    Bukkyō jiten (Ui) 173

    Bulgyo sajeon 706a

    Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.) 204c

    Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura) 219b

    Fo Guang Dictionary 5566

    Ding Fubao

    Kankoku bussho kaidai jiten 91,260

    Index to the Bussho kaisetsu daijiten (Ono) 153/154

    Han'guk bulgyo inmyeong sajeon (Yi) 230

    Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki) (v.9-10)209c,546a

    Bukkyō daijiten (Oda) 265-1*265-2

    Copyright provisions

    The rights to textual segments (nodes) of the DDB are owned by the author indicated in the brackets next to each segment. For rights regarding the compilation as a whole, please contact Charles Muller. Please do not reproduce without permission. And please do not copy into Wikipedia without proper citation!

    Entry created: 1997-09-15

    Updated: 2019-12-12