三界

Readings

Pinyin: sānjiè

Wade-Giles: san-chieh

Hangul: 삼계

Korean MC: samgye

Korean MR: samgye

Katakana: サンガイ

Hepburn: sangai

tam giới

three realms

• (Skt. traidhātuka, trailokya) The three realms of saṃsāra; also 三有. This is the Buddhist metaphysical equivalent for the Brahmanic cosmological bhuvanatraya, or triple world of bhūr, bhuvaḥ, and svar — earth, atmosphere, and heaven. The Buddhist triad consists of:
  1. The desire realm 欲界 (kāma-dhātu), where one is preoccupied by desires for physical gratification. The desire realm consists of twenty places. They are the four continents 四大洲, the eight burning hells 八熱地獄, and the six heavens of the desire realm 六欲天.
  2. The form realm 色界 (rūpa-dhātu), where one is free from the desires for physical gratification and experiences subtle form. This is the locus of the four meditation heavens 四禪天, which are further broken down into the seventeen dhyāna heavens 色界十七天. Form implies 質礙 that which is substantial and resistant: it is above the desire realm and contains (so to speak) bodies, palaces, and things.
  3. The formless realm 無色界 (ārūpya-dhātu) is the most subtle realm of saṃsāra. It is of pure spirit, where there are no bodies, places, things, at any rate none to which human terms would apply, but where the mind dwells in mystic contemplation; its extent is indefinable, but it is conceived of in four stages, where one is free from material existence. This is the locus of the practice of the four formless concentrations 四無色定 (四空處, 四無色).
  (T 1558.29.40c-67a). [resp. Charles Patton, cmuller; ref. Nakamura,JEBD, Yokoi,Iwanami]
• (Skt. trayodhātavaḥ, dhātu-traya, kāma-rūpârūpya-dhātu, kama-rūpârūpyâvacarin, jagat, tisra-loka, tri-dhātu, tri-dhātuka, tri-dhātu-saṃkleśa, tri-bhava, tri-bhuva, tri-bhuvana, tri-loka, triṣudhātuṣu) [resp. Charles Muller; source(s): Hirakawa]
• les trois mondes[resp. Paul Swanson]
• une terre pour l'ensemble du monde de désir, quatre terres pour le monde de la forme, correspondant aux quatre degrés de méditation, quatre pour le monde de l'absence de forme, correspondant aux quatre āyatana. [resp. Paul Swanson]

Dictionary References:

Bukkyō jiten (Ui), 345

Bulgyo sajeon, 393a

Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.), 388c

Iwanami bukkyō jiten, 309

A Glossary of Zen Terms (Inagaki), 302

Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha), 252a/279

Record of Linji: Rinzairoku (Yanagida), 74-9

Japanese-English Zen Buddhist Dictionary (Yokoi), 577

Zengo jiten (Iriya and Koga), 6-P13, 10-P47, 11-P88, 13-P313

Zengo jiten (Iriya and Koga), 16-P103

Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura), 456d

Fo Guang Dictionary, 584

Ding Fubao

Buddhist Chinese-Sanskrit Dictionary (Hirakawa), 0023

Bukkyō daijiten (Oda), 607-2

Sanskrit-Tibetan Index for the Yogâcārabhūmi-śāstra (Yokoyama and Hirosawa)

(Soothill's) Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms, 70

Copyright © 2010 -- Charles Muller

generated: 2013-04-10