五識

Readings

Pinyin: wǔshì

Wade-Giles: wu-shih

Hangul: 오식

Korean MC: osik

Korean MR: osik

Katakana: ゴシキ

Hepburn: goshiki

ngũ thức

five consciousnesses

• These arise in connection with the five sense organs of eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin, which take as their objects the five physical categories of form, sound, smell, taste and tactile objects. Therefore:
  1. the visual consciousness 眼識
  2. auditory consciousness 耳識
  3. olfactory consciousness 鼻識
  4. gustatory consciousness 舌識
  5. tactile consciousness 身識
  Since these are considered to be the first five among the six consciousnesses 六識, they are commonly referred to as the "prior five consciousnesses" in Chinese, 前五識. In the Yogâcāra system, these are the first five among the eight consciousnesses 八識. In terms of the three realms, beings in the desire realm 欲界 are said to have six consciousnesses; those in the first meditation heaven of the form realm 色界 lack the olfactory and gustatory consciousnesses, while those in the second meditation heaven and above maintain only the sixth (discriminating) consciousness. 〔倶舍論〕 (Skt. pañca-vijñāna; Tib. rnam par shes pa lnga) [resp. Charles Muller; source(s): YBh-Ind, JEBD]
• The five consciousnesses taught in the Awakening of Faith:
  1. activity (karmic) consciousness 業識, which arises with the unenlightened mind due to original nescience.
  2. changing (transforming) consciousness 轉識, wherein the activity consciousness undergoes a single transformation producing the subjective view.
  3. manifesting consciousness 現識, in which based on transformation of the activity consciousness the objective world is manifested.
  4. knowing consciousness 智識, in which the mind creates mistaken discrimination based on its perception of the objects in the external world.
  5. continuing consciousness 相續識, wherein, based on mistaken discrimination, the thoughts of pain and pleasure continue without abatement, thus enabling the continuity of saṃsāra. 〔起信論, T 1666.32.577b〕
  [resp. Charles Muller]
• (Skt. vijñāna-pañcaka, pañca-vijñāna-kāya, pañcavijñāna-kāyāḥ, pañca-vijñāna-dhātu, pañcānāṃcittānām; Pāli pañca-viññānāni) [resp. Charles Muller; source(s): Hirakawa]

Dictionary References:

Bukkyō jiten (Ui), 271

Bulgyo sajeon, 613a

Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.), 342d

Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha), 87b/97

Japanese-English Zen Buddhist Dictionary (Yokoi), 173

Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura), 363b

Fo Guang Dictionary, 1209

Ding Fubao

Buddhist Chinese-Sanskrit Dictionary (Hirakawa), 0090

Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki), (v.1-6)1188b

Bukkyō daijiten (Oda), 529-1*688-2

Sanskrit-Tibetan Index for the Yogâcārabhūmi-śāstra (Yokoyama and Hirosawa)

(Soothill's) Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms, 127

Copyright © 2010 -- Charles Muller

generated: 2014-01-10