布施

Readings

Pinyin: bùshī

Wade-Giles: pu-shih

Hangul: 보시

Korean MC: bosi

Korean MR: posi

Katakana: フセ

Hepburn: fuse

bố thí

giving

• A gift; generosity, donation, charity, almsgiving, i. e. of goods, or the doctrine, with resultant benefits now and also hereafter in the forms of reincarnation, as neglect or refusal will produce the opposite consequences (Skt. dāna; Tib. sbyin pa). Transliterated as 檀那 and 檀; also commonly written with just the second logograph 施. It is seen divided into a range of multiple categories:
  1. The two kinds of dāna 二種布施 are the pure, or unsullied charity, which looks for no reward here but only hereafter; and the sullied almsgiving whose object is personal benefit. Such beneficence can be dichotomized into the pair of giving wealth (amisana) and giving doctrine (dharma-dāna).
  2. The three kinds of dāna are goods, the doctrine, and courage, or fearlessness.
  3. The four kinds are pens to write the sutras, ink, the sutras themselves, and preaching.
  4. The five kinds are giving to those who have come from a distance, those who are going to a distance, the sick, the hungry, those wise in the doctrine.
  5. The seven kinds are giving to visitors, travelers, the sick, their nurses, monasteries, endowments for the sustenance of monks or nuns, and clothing and food according to season.
  6. The eight kinds are giving to those who come for aid, giving for fear (of evil), return for kindness received, anticipating gifts in return, continuing the parental example of giving, giving in hope of rebirth in a particular heaven, in hope of an honored name, for the adornment of the heart and life.
  In terms of serving to comprise other categories of practices, charity is one of the four embracing practices 四攝事 of the bodhisattvas; it is also one of the six perfections 六波羅蜜, ten perfections 十度, and six kinds of mindfulness 六念. Dāna is also transliterated as 達嚫, 大嚫, and 嚫; also translated as 施頌, and 嚫施. (Skt. dakṣiṇā, tyāga; atisarga, anupradāna, datta, dānaṃ dattam, dāna-prada, deya, niryātayati, parityāgin, pradāna) [resp. Charles Muller; source(s): Soothill, Hirakawa, Stephen Hodge, JEBD]

Dictionary References:

Bukkyō jiten (Ui), 910

Bulgyo sajeon, 300a

Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.), 1077a

Iwanami bukkyō jiten, 691

A Glossary of Zen Terms (Inagaki), 161

Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha), 65b/71

Japanese-English Zen Buddhist Dictionary (Yokoi), 135

Zengo jiten (Iriya and Koga), 14-P158

Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura), 1175d

Fo Guang Dictionary, 1901

Ding Fubao

Buddhist Chinese-Sanskrit Dictionary (Hirakawa), 0417

Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki), (v.1-6)4420a,3522a

Bukkyō daijiten (Oda), 1527-3

Sanskrit-Tibetan Index for the Yogâcārabhūmi-śāstra (Yokoyama and Hirosawa)

(Soothill's) Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms, 186

Lokakṣema's Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā (Karashima), 53

Copyright © 2010 -- Charles Muller

generated: 2013-11-28