意識
Readings
Pinyin: yìshì
Wade-Giles: i-shih
Hangul: 의식
Korean MC: uisik
Korean MR: ŭisik
Katakana: シキ
Hepburn: ishiki
ý thức
thinking consciousness
In Yogâcāra, the sixth (mano) consciousness 第六識 among the eight consciousnesses 八識 (Skt. mano-vijñāna; Tib. yid kyi rnam par shes pa, yid kyi rnam shes, yid kyi rnam śes). It is understood to arise based on the organ of thought—the manas consciousness 末那識. It is a form of conscious awareness like the five sense organs, whereas the eighth, ālaya and seventh, manas constitute the subconscious regions of the mind. In Abhidharma Buddhism, theories regarding the structure of consciousness were only worked out to the level of this mano consciousness. But the Yogâcāra masters, realized that this consciousness—which is subject to interruptions in such mental states as deep sleep, deep meditation, fainting, and death—cannot serve as a basis for the human mind. Hence they posited the existence of deeper regions of the mind, including as the ālaya 阿賴耶識 and manas.
Among the eight forms of consciousness, the mano shows the widest range of functionality. First, it functions to gather and discriminate the sense data derived from the five sense consciousnesses 五識, thus discriminating all the aspects of the environment 境. It also works with past and future objects, recalling the past and planning for the future. Apart from its direct interaction with the senses, the mano is understood to be the locus of perception 知覺, emotional feelings 感情, thinking/deliberation 思考, and intention 意志. Since the mano includes within it these operations of consciousness, it is also the case that it also hosts the majority of afflictions and cognitive errors. Also, since it arises depending on the manas, it shares many of the afflictions of the manas.
In soteriological terms, the mano plays a vitally important role. Although it shares with the manas in being a locus for the operation of mental disturbances, since the manas is a subconscious region, it is almost impossible for a practitioner to deal with these afflictions at the level of the manas. Therefore, one has no recourse but to deal with affliction at the level of conscious thought—the mano consciousness.
[resp. Charles Muller; source(s): Nakamura,YBh-Ind, JEBD,Yokoi,Iwanami]Dictionary References:
Bukkyō jiten (Ui), 33
Bulgyo sajeon, 703a
Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.), 24d
Iwanami bukkyō jiten, 24
Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha), 131a/143
Japanese-English Zen Buddhist Dictionary (Yokoi), 265
Zen Dust (Sasaki), 311
Zengo jiten (Iriya and Koga), 14-P121
Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura), 41c
Fo Guang Dictionary, 5449
Ding Fubao
Buddhist Chinese-Sanskrit Dictionary (Hirakawa), 0493
Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki), (v.1-6)113b,127b,4208c
Bukkyō daijiten (Oda), 53-1
Sanskrit-Tibetan Index for the Yogâcārabhūmi-śāstra (Yokoyama and Hirosawa)
Copyright © 2010 -- Charles Muller
generated: 2014-01-10