懺悔
Readings
Pinyin: chànhuǐ
Wade-Giles: ch'an-hui
Hangul: 참회
Korean MC: chamhoe
Korean MR: ch'amhoe
Katakana: サンゲ
Hepburn: sange
sám hối
repentance
- To repent of any negative actions one may have done in one's present or past lives, so as to clear oneself of karmic obstacles that may be causing one worldly difficulties or restraining one's spiritual progress "Please forgive me for the crimes I have committed." To confess one's crimes before the Buddha. (Skt. pratideśayati, kaukṛtya; atyaya-deśanā, deśana, *deśanā-karaṇa, deśanā-karaṇīya, deśayati, nivedayati, pāpa-deśanā, pratikṛta, pratideśanā, kṣamâpatti-pratideśana) [resp. John McRae, Charles Muller; ref. JEBD,Yokoi]
- 懺 is the transliteration of kṣamā, 悔 its translation, i.e. repentance; but also the first is interpreted as confession, cf. 提 deśanā, the second as repentance and reform. Yijing 義淨 was critical of this term as it was translated in Chinese. In his Nanhai jigui neifa zhuan 南海寄歸內法傳 he suggested that 懺悔 was an inappropriate rendering for the idea of "repentance," saying, "Earlier it was called chan hui 懺悔. It does not refer to announcing transgressions. Why? Chan mo 懺摩 [kṣama] is the western [i.e., Indian] pronunciation meaning forbearance 忍. Hui 悔 is a Chinese term meaning repentance. Repentance and forbearance are completely unrelated." His suggested alternatives were 至心說罪 and 追悔. In a note in his translation of the Genben shuoyiqie youbu pinaiye 根本說一切有部毘奈耶 he explains that 懺摩 (kṣama) should be understood as begging someone's pardon, such as when bumping into them. He concludes that the phonetic-semantic compound of 懺悔 neither means to apologize nor announce a transgression. However, Huiyuan in his Huiyuan Yinyi 慧苑音義 equates the term with 懺摩, which is to "ask someone's pardon." He interprets this as asking someone to accept one's confession of a transgression 悔罪. [resp. Jeffrey Kotyk; source(s): Ding Fubao]
Dictionary References:
Bukkyō jiten (Ui), 385
Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.), 391c
Iwanami bukkyō jiten, 313
Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha), 334b/371
Japanese-English Zen Buddhist Dictionary (Yokoi), 578
Zen Dust (Sasaki), 403
Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura), 497c, 500a →さんげ , 上497c
Fo Guang Dictionary, 6772
Ding Fubao
Buddhist Chinese-Sanskrit Dictionary {Hirakawa} , 513
Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki), (v.1-6)1493a,1165a, (v.9-10)1086b,1202c
Bukkyō daijiten (Oda), 306-1-2*521-3-13*615-1
Copyright © 2010 -- Charles Muller
generated: 2013-10-25