DDB: 聲聞 |

聲聞

Readings

Pinyin: shēngwèn

Wade-Giles: sheng-wen

Hangul: 성문

Korean MC: seongmun

Korean MR: sŏngmun

Katakana: ショウモン

Hepburn: shōmon

thanh văn

A voice-hearer, disciple. Originally, a direct disciple of the Buddha (who heard his voice). (Tib. nyan thos) In later Mahāyāna 大乘 texts, a technical term with somewhat negative connotations. While śrāvakas are disciplined monk-practitioners who contemplate the principle of the four noble truths for the purpose of the attainment of arhat-ship 阿羅漢, and thus eventually nirvāṇa, they are also considered along with the pratyekabuddha 辟支佛, to be a practitioner of the two lesser vehicles (二乘, 小乘), inferior in insight and compassion to the bodhisattva 菩薩. This is because their practice is said to be self-centered, focusing on their own salvation 自利, a selfishness that is made possible by their lack of recognition of the emptiness of all objective phenomena 法空. For related reasons, in Yogâcāra, their practices are seen to be effective mainly in the removal of the afflictive hindrances 煩惱障, and not so effective in the removal of the cognitive hindrances 所知障. See also 四種聲聞. A definition of the term is provided by Woncheuk at 解深密經疏 HBJ 1.255c13. (Skt. śrāvakatva, śrāvaka-yānīya, śiṣya, arhat; Pāli sāvaka). Transliterated as 舍羅婆迦. [resp. Charles Muller; source(s): Nakamura,Yokoi, Stephen Hodge, JEBD, Hirakawa,Iwanami]
A monk. [resp. Charles Muller]
les auditeurs [resp. Paul Swanson]

Dictionary References:

Bukkyō jiten (Ui), 563

Bulgyo sajeon, 466a

Zengaku daijiten (Komazawa U.), 587d

Iwanami bukkyō jiten, 446

A Glossary of Zen Terms (Inagaki), 25, 305

Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha), 296b/329

Japanese-English Zen Buddhist Dictionary (Yokoi), 691

Zen Dust (Sasaki), 308

Zengo jiten (Iriya and Koga), 6-P181

Bukkyōgo daijiten (Nakamura), 734d

Fo Guang Dictionary, 6497

Ding Fubao

Buddhist Chinese-Sanskrit Dictionary (Hirakawa), 0960

Bukkyō daijiten (Mochizuki), (v.1-6)2794a

Bukkyō daijiten (Oda), 792-2*1145-3

Sanskrit-Tibetan Index for the Yogâcārabhūmi-śāstra (Yokoyama and Hirosawa)

Lokakṣema's Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā (Karashima), 423

generated: 2014-04-04